According to Samuel P. Huntington, the primary source of conflict in the world will not be ideological or economic, but the clash of civilizations. The reasons why, presented by him, are as follows. Differences among civilizations are basic, they have generated the most prolonged and the most violent conflicts ; The increasing interactions between peoples of different civilizations intensify civilization consciousness ; The processes of economic modernization weaken the nation state as a source of identity, while religions have moved in to fill this gap ; A 'return to the roots' phenomenon is occurring among non-Western civilizations ; Cultural characteristics and differences are less mutable and hence less easily compromised and resolved than political and economic ones ; Economic regionalism is increasing This article investigates the meaning of Huntington's arguments and their limits. Most of his argument rely on a vague notion of something Huntington called "civilization identity" and "the interactions among seven or eight major civilizations." First of all, I try to show he connives at the long history of imperialism and the capitalist globalization which are the primary sources of contemporary conflicts in the world.. That's why E. Said calls him a representative of 'Orientalism'. This article also tries to present Huntington's hidden intention which could be easily shared with the US policy-makers. Finally, some subjects from F. Fanon's work, implying the possible ways to peaceful coexistence among nations will be mentioned.