This thesis is the new approach to human happiness. As Aristotle already described, the happiness is the guiding principle as the human ultimate end. In the modern era the happiness seemingly has continued to increase, but it shows the sudden stagnation. This is caused by the invalidness of the last understanding of the happiness. Therefore we need a new one. The examination of the old approaches to happiness, that is, the history of happiness, must precede the new approach to happiness, because the history doesn't pass away but work on accumulatively. The mythical age regard happiness as no problem about the material needs and the spiritual worries. The ancient the reasonable avoiding pains and seeking pleasures. The medieval the human conformity with God. The modern the material richness of all people. The modern understanding of happiness that the material abundance stand alone in the human happiness is current and is available in the life of people who is not over the general material needs. However the abundance cannot increase the people's happiness in the affluent society because of the human adaptation and the decrease of the marginal utility. In addition, the relative deprivation increases owing to the much more impartial distribution and the unhappiness increases due to the sacrifice of the other components of happiness for the abundance. The earth capacity which support to this is reaching at the limit. Human tenacity for the material as the biological instinct is established by the chronic shortage of the material. However the instinct is only the proximate mechanism because the mankind is already beyond the shortage. Such a instinct could be controlled and another mechanism started, because human brain does not only reflect but also project the outer world. Human being can get both the pleasure as the positive reflection and the enjoyment as the positive project of the world according to the positive psychology. Under the consideration of this empirical knowledges the post-modern understanding of happiness might be set as follows. 1. The material abundance is important in human happiness until the basic material needs is fulfilled. 2. The happiness is the result of reflection of the outer world and could be modified by the projection to the outer world. 3. The happiness rely on the extension of self through the enjoyment of health, family, job and hobby, friendship which transcend the pleasure from the material abundance. This new approach to happiness require various kinds of practical endeavor for the whole happiness.