The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that Nietzsche’s philosophy can be viewed as an ‘empiricist system of thought.’ Nietzsche’s philosophy shares certain similarities with modern empiricism in its critique of the dogmatism of traditional metaphysics and rational divine authority, as well as in its emphasis on the role of bodily(Leib) experience as the foundation of perception. However, Nietzsche’s perspective distinguishes itself by characterizing modern empiricism as ultimately aligned with rationalism, with a strong emphasis on reason and rationality, while Nietzsche’s philosophy leans more toward an empiricist philosophy that prioritizes the primacy of experience. This study is expected to contribute not only to elucidating the features of Nietzsche’s epistemology and philosophy of language but also to portraying Nietzsche’s philosophy as an original and distinct system of thought rather than a mere critique of traditional metaphysics. This paper begins by examining how Nietzsche, as a critic of rationalism, a prominent philosophical stance in Western tradition, conducts his critical analysis. It also highlights that the widely accepted modern empiricism actually embodies the very rationalistic characteristics that Nietzsche criticizes. In contrast, it explores how the empiricism within Nietzsche’s philosophy differs from contemporary empiricism. Through this exploration, the paper aims to suggest the possibility of reinterpreting Nietzsche’s philosophy, historically positioned as a critical rationalist philosophy, as an empiricist philosophy that elevates the role and significance of experience to a greater degree than modern empiricism.